NCERT Class 1 Maths (Joyful Mathematics) · Chapter 6

Vegetable Farm

Adding and taking away with numbers up to 20 using a ginladi (bead string), number-strip hops, making a 10, and solving two-step number stories.

📌 What you’ll learn in this chapter
  • Adding numbers with answers up to 20
  • Counting on with a ginladi and a number strip
  • Breaking a number into 10 and the rest
  • Taking away from numbers up to 20
  • Solving number stories

🥕 Let’s Begin: Harvest Time

Gopu picks 8 brinjals and his sister picks 5. How many? Gopu starts at 8 and counts on: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13!

His sister has a smart trick: “8 needs 2 more to make 10. Take 2 from my 5, so 10 and 3 left = 13.” 🍆

➕ Part 1: Adding up to 20

  • Count on: 12 + 4 → start at 12, count 13, 14, 15, 16.
  • Break into 10: 12 + 6 = 10 + 2 + 6 = 10 + 8 = 18.
  • Make 10 first: 9 + 4 = 9 + 1 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13.
💡 Ginladi trick On a ginladi, the beads change colour after every 10. So 13 is one full colour (10) and 3 more!

➖ Part 2: Taking Away up to 20

15 − 9: hop back 9 from 15 → 6. Or think: 9 and what makes 15? 9 + 6 = 15, so the answer is 6.

⚠️ Common mistake Thinking 15 − 0 = 0. ❌ Taking away nothing leaves the number the same: 15 − 0 = 15.

✏️ Practice Time

Try these on your own first, then check your answer below each question.

Q1. 11 + 5 = ?
✅ Answer16
Q2. 9 + 6 = ?
✅ Answer9 + 1 = 10, then 5 more → 15
Q3. 18 − 8 = ?
✅ Answer10
Q4. Ravi had 10 balloons. 4 burst, then he bought 3 more. How many now?
✅ Answer10 − 4 = 6, and 6 + 3 = 9 balloons

📘 NCERT Textbook Activity Help

Hints and answers for the activities in the textbook, page by page. Try each one yourself before looking at the answer!

Page 65 · Vegetable baskets

Both have

✅ AnswerA. 7 + 5 = 12 tomatoes · B. 9 + 4 = 13 carrots · C. 8 + 8 = 16 radishes
Pages 66–67 · Ginladi and hops

Add

✅ AnswerGinladi: 13 + 4 = 17 · 14 + 5 = 19 · 6 + 8 = 14 · 5 + 7 = 12
Hops: 13 + 3 = 16 · 2 + 16 = 18 · 4 + 12 = 16
Make your own: any two numbers that make the total, for example 10 + 3 = 13 · 6 + 4 = 10 · 9 + 9 = 18
Pages 67–68 · Add in your own way

Number stories

✅ AnswerA. 12 + 6 = 18 pencils (Sapna counted on, and Gauri broke 12 into 10 + 2). Another way: 6 + 12 → count on 12 from 6.
B. 8 + 6 = 14 laddoos · C. 12 + 6 = 18 bangles
Picnic: draw your own items and add them up.
Page 69 · Subtraction

Take away

✅ AnswerA. 15 − 9 = 6 (given) · B. 16 − 4 = 12 · C. 12 − 5 = 7 · D. 14 − 7 = 7 · E. 15 − 5 = 10 · F. 15 − 0 = 15 · G. 17 − 9 = 8 · H. 13 − 3 = 10 · 16 − 6 = 10
Page 70 · Hop and jump, match

Same place

✅ AnswerAnjali: 6 + 2 = 8 · Renu: 15 − 7 = 8. Both reach 8!
Match: 8 + 7 = 15 = 17 − 2 · 9 + 9 = 18 = 18 − 0 · 10 + 2 = 12 = 15 − 3 · 16 + 1 = 17 = 18 − 1 · 11 + 3 = 14 = 16 − 2
Page 71 · Problem stories

Two steps

✅ AnswerA. 9 − 5 = 4, then 4 + 7 = 11 diyas
B. 6 + 8 = 14, then 14 − 7 = 7 children
C. 18 − 9 = 9 more children
D. 14 − 6 = 8 toffees shared
E. 12 − 5 = 7 bananas eaten

👨‍👩‍👧 Tips for Parents

  • Make a ginladi with 20 beads (10 of one colour, 10 of another).
  • At the vegetable shop, count the tomatoes or potatoes together.
  • Ask “How many more to make 10?” with everyday objects.
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